Neuroprotective Effects of Calycosin Against Fenpropathrin-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Drosophila melanogaster

Authors

  • Saba Afsheen
  • Suhel Parvez Professor and Dean
  • Mohammad Mumtaz Alam

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. The onset of PD is influenced by genetic and environmental components, with pesticides being a key environmental trigger. 'Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with genetic predispositions and environmental toxins, which significantly influence its pathology in both invertebrate and mammalian models. Recently, studies have indicated that exposure to fenpropathrin (Fen) may also increase the likelihood of developing PD. alycosin, an isoflavone phytoestrogen, demonstrates neuroprotective activity and shows potential for treating various diseases, likely due to its isoflavonoid and phytoestrogenic effects. Previous studies have suggested calycosin's protective effects in various neurotoxicity models, but its specific impact on Fen-induced neuronal damage still needs to be investigated. Therefore, this study investigates the neuroprotective potential of calycosin, a phytoestrogen, against Fen-induced neurodegeneration in Drosophila melanogaster. Our findings reveal that calycosin significantly ameliorated Fen-induced motor deficits, leading to a 48% improvement in crawling behavior. Calycosin treatment also resulted in a 16.7% reduction in cleaved caspase-3 levels, indicating reduced apoptosis. Fen's toxic effects improved motor abilities, restored crawling behavior, and reducedAdditionally, calycosin improved survival rates by 20% and alleviated Fen-induced developmental delays by 18.9%. Notably, calycosin significantly restored tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels by 44.1%, suggesting its protective effect on dopaminergic neurons. These findings underscore the neuroprotective potential of calycosin, suggesting that it may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for mitigating pesticide-induced neurodegeneration. This study provides insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting PD and related neurodegenerative diseases caused by environmental toxins.

Keywords:

calycosin, neurodegeneration, parkinson

DOI

https://doi.org/10.25004/

References

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30-09-2025
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“Neuroprotective Effects of Calycosin Against Fenpropathrin-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Melanogaster”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 17, no. 5, Sept. 2025, https://doi.org/10.25004/.

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Volume 17, Issue 5, 2025

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Copyright (c) 2025 Saba Afsheen, Suhel Parvez, Mohammad Mumtaz Alam

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How to Cite

“Neuroprotective Effects of Calycosin Against Fenpropathrin-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Melanogaster”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 17, no. 5, Sept. 2025, https://doi.org/10.25004/.