EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC & ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF DESMOSTACHYA BIPINNATA (L.) STAPF ROOT ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Abstract
Desmostachia bipinnata (L.) Stapf (Gramineae) occurs widely in Egypt. This plant used traditionally as analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, asthma, thirst, jaundice, vaginal discharges, vesicle calculi, diseases of bladder, skin eruptions, vomiting, and sedative to pregnant uterus. So, in the present study, Desmostachia bipinnata roots were explored for their anti-inflammatory (carrageenan induced paw oedema) and analgesic potential (Hot plate method) on experimental model and compared to standard drugs (Indomethacin for anti-inflammatory activity, Analgin for analgesic activity). In the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test for acute inflammation, the extract of Desmostachya bipinnata in dose of 400 mg/kg body weight showed 62.5% inhibition of edema, at the end of 3h. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, sterols and flavonoids. The pharmacological activities of medicinal plants are usually due to their secondary metabolites. Some of the constituents of the extract have been documented to possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The results of this study provide evidence for the analgesic and anti- inflammatory activity of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Desmostachya bipinnata root thus supporting its traditional use in painful inflammatory conditions.
Keywords:
Carrageenan, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Desmostachya bipinnata, IndomethacinDOI
https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2010.020310References
2. Insel PA. Analgesic, antipyretics and anti-inflammatory agents: drugs employed in treatment of rheumatic arthritis and gout. In: Goodman, AG. and Gilman, AG.(Eds), The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th Edn, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1991; 638-681.
3. Rainsford, KD. Aspirin and the Salicyclates. Butterworth, London, 1984.
4. Meade EA, Smith WL, DeWitt DL. Differential inhibition of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase (cyclooxygenase) isoenzymes by aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J. Biol. Chem. 1993; 268: 6610-6614.
5. Bohlin L. Structure-activity studies of natural products with anti-inflammatory effects. 1995; 137-161.
6. Yesilada E, Ustun O, Sezik E, Takishi Y, Ono Y, Honda G. Inhibitory effects of Turkish folk remedies on inflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1α, interleukin-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-α. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1997; 58: 59-73.
7. Li RW, Myers SP, Leach DN, Lin GD, & Leach G. A cross-cultural study: anti-inflammatory activity of Australian and Chinese plants. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2003; 85: 25-32.
8. Vane JR, Bolting RM. New insights into the mode of action of anti-inflammatory drugs. Inflammation Res. 1995; 44: 1-10.
9. Perianayagam JB, Sharma SK, Pillai KK. Antiinflammatory activity of Trichodesma indicum root extract in experimental animals. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2006; 104: 410-414.
10. Kumara NKVMR. Identification of strategies to improve research on medicinal plants used in Sri Lanka, In WHO Symposium. University of Ruhuna, Galle, Lanka, 2001; 12-14.
11. Dharmasiri JR, Jayakody AC, Galhena G, Liyanage SSP, & Ratnasooriya WD. Antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of mature fresh leaves of Vitex negundo. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2003; 87: 199-206.
12. Panda BB, Gaur K, Kori ML, Tyagi LK, Nema RK, Sharma CS, Jain AK. Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Jatropha gossypifolia in Experimental Animal Models. Global Journal of Pharmacology. 2009; 3 (1): 01-05.
13. Evans WC. Pharmacognosy, 14th edition, 1997.
14. Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW. Carrageenin induced oedema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for anti-inflammatory drugs. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol., 1962; 111: 533-547.
15. Adeolu AA, Margaret OS, Anthony JA. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the aqueous extracts of Margaritaria discoidea (Euphorbiaceae) stem bark in experimental animal models. Rev. Biol. Trop. 2009; 57 (4): 1193-1200.
16. Vogel HG. Drug, Discovery & Evaluation Pharmacological Assays. Springer Publications, New York, 2002; 692-769.
17. Vinegar R, Schreiber W, Hugo R. Biphasic development of carrageenan edema in rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.1969; 166: 96-103.
18. Crunkhorn P, and Meacock SC. Mediators of the inflammation induced in the rat paw by carrageenin. J. Pharmacol. 1971; 42: 392-402.
19. Okoli CO, Akah PA. Analgesic activity of leaf extract of Culcasia scandens P. Beauv. Ind. J. Exp. Bio. 2006; 44: 422-424.
20. Park EH, Kahng JH, Lee SH, Shin KH. Anti-inflammatory princip les from cactus. Fitoterapia. 2001; 72: 288-290.
21. Atta AH, Alkofahi A. Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of some Jordanian medicinal plant extracts. J Ethnopharmacol.1998; 60:117-124.
22. Wagner, H. Search for new plant constituents with potential anti-phlogistic and anti-allergic activity. Planta Medica. 1989; 55: 235-241.
23. Xu, GJ. The Chinese Materia Medica. Volume 1. Chinese Medicine and Technology. Beijing, China,1996.
24. Dhara AK, Suba V, Sen T, Pal S, Chaudhuri AKN. Preliminary studies on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of the methanol fraction of the root extract of Tragia involucrata Linn. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2000; 72: 265-268.
25. Moody JO, Robert VA, Connolly JD, Houghton PJ. Anti-inflammatory activities of the methanol extracts and an isolated furanoditerpene constituent of Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre (Menispermaceae). J. Ethnopharmacol. 2006; 104: 87-91.
26. Wu KK. Aspirin and other cyclooxygenase inhibitors: new therapeutic insights. Semin.Vasc. Med. 2003; 3: 107-112.
Published
Abstract Display: 234 
PDF Downloads: 319 
