GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) EXTRACT SUPPLEMENTATION ALTERS THE GLYCOGEN DEPOSITION IN LIVER AND PROTEIN METABOLISM IN GONADS OF FEMALE ALBINO RATS
Abstract
Garlic is an ayurvedic herb that has been extensively used as medication and as the taste enhancer of the food. The present investigation was undertaken to provide data on the efficacy of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) extract on glycogen deposition and protein metabolism in female albino rats that may further explore medicinal potential of garlic. The rats were divided into four groups A, B, C and D, keeping group A as a healthy control. The garlic extract was tried in three different doses, 1ml, 2ml and 4ml/ kg body weight as low, medium and high dose respectively and given orally for the period of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days daily to the rats of group B, C and D as stated above. The significant (P<0.01 & P<0.05) increase in glycogen and protein level was observed when rats were fed with low and medium dose but when rats were fed with high dose of garlic extract there was significant (P<0.01) decrease in glycogen level and a not significant decrease in protein level was observed.
Keywords:
Garlic Extract, Glycogen Deposition, Protein Metabolism, Albino RatsDOI
https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2012.040207References
1. Yeh YY, Lijuan L. Cholesterol-Lowering effect of garlic extract and organosulfur compounds: Human and Animal Studies. The Journal of Nutrition 2001; 131: 989S-993S.
2. Khataibeh M, Abu-Samak M, Banu N. Biochemical investigation of the effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) on 7, 12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary cancer in female albino rats. Asian J. Biochemistry 2006; 1: 3, 251-256.
3. Oi Y, Kawada T, Shishido C, Wada K, Kominato Y, Nishimura S, Ariga T, Iwai K. Allyl-containing sulfides in garlic increase uncoupling protein content in brown adipose tissue, and noradrenaline and adrenaline secretion in rats. J. Nutr. 1999; 129: 336-342.
4. Oi Y, Kawada T, Kitamura K, Oyama F, Nitta M, Kominato Y, Nishimura S, Iwai K. Garlic supplementation enhances norepinephrine secretion, growth of brown adipose tissue, and triglyceride catabolism in rats. J. Nutr. Biochem. 1995; 6: 250-255.
5. Oi Y, Okamoto M, Nitta M, Kominato Y, Nishimura S, Ariga T, Iwai K. Alliin and volatile sulfur-containing compounds in garlic enhance the thermogenesis by increasing norepinephrine secretion in rats. J. Nutr. Biochem. 1998; 9: 60-66.
6. Sonepati SK, Dey S, Dwivedi SK, Swarup D. Effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract on tissue lead level in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2001; 76: 229-232.
7. Parthasarthy G, Prasanth VV. Hepatoprotective Activity of Cassia fistula Linn. Bark extract against Carbon Tetra Chloride Induced Liver Toxicity in Rats. The Internet Journal of Pharmacology 2009; 6: 2.
8. Nagaraja HS, Anupama BK, Jeganathan PS. Stress response in albino rats. Thai Journal of Physiological Sciences 2006; 19: 8-15.
9. Thomson M, Khaled K Al-Qattam, Bordia T, Ali M. Including Garlic in the Diet May Help Lower Glucose, Cholesterol and Tryglycerides. The Journal of Nutrition 2006; 136: 800S-802S.
10. Çikler E, Saglam B, Zeybek A, Ercan F, Çetinel S, Sener G. The protective effects of aqueous garlic extract against water avoidance stress-induced mast cell degranulation in dermis. Marmara Medical Journal 2005; 18(3):103-108.
11. Van der Vies J. Two methods for the determination of glycogen in liver. Biochem. J. 1954; 57: 410-416.
12. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Radall RJ. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 1951; 193: 265-275.
13. Paterson DD. Statistical Technique in Agricultural Research. M.C. Graw-Hill New York, 1939.
14. Ahmed RS, Sharma SB. Biochemical studies on combined effects of garlic (Allium sativum Linn) and ginger (Zigiber officinale Rosc) in albino rats. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 1997; 35(8):841-843.
15. Villar-Palasi C, Lamer J. Insulin treatment and increased UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase activity in muscle. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1961; 94: 436-442.
16. Jain RC, Vyas CR, Mahatma OP. Hypoglycemic action of onion and garlic. Lancet, 1973, 2: 1491.
17. Jain RC, Vyas CR. Hypoglycemia action of onion on rabbits. Br. Med. J. 1974; 2: 730.
18. Jain RC, Vyas CR. Garlic in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1975; 28: 684-685.
19. Todd WR, Marilouise H, Lester L. Effects of dietary creatine and related compounds on tissue glycogen deposition in rats. J. Nutrition. 1964; 82: 64.
20. Nigam K. Studies on the effects of certain toxicants on common house sparrow Passer domesticus. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 1987.
21. Igbedioh SO, Akinyele IO. Effect of benomyl toxicity on some liver constituents of albino rats. Arch. Environ. Health 1992; 47: 4, 314-317.
2. Khataibeh M, Abu-Samak M, Banu N. Biochemical investigation of the effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) on 7, 12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary cancer in female albino rats. Asian J. Biochemistry 2006; 1: 3, 251-256.
3. Oi Y, Kawada T, Shishido C, Wada K, Kominato Y, Nishimura S, Ariga T, Iwai K. Allyl-containing sulfides in garlic increase uncoupling protein content in brown adipose tissue, and noradrenaline and adrenaline secretion in rats. J. Nutr. 1999; 129: 336-342.
4. Oi Y, Kawada T, Kitamura K, Oyama F, Nitta M, Kominato Y, Nishimura S, Iwai K. Garlic supplementation enhances norepinephrine secretion, growth of brown adipose tissue, and triglyceride catabolism in rats. J. Nutr. Biochem. 1995; 6: 250-255.
5. Oi Y, Okamoto M, Nitta M, Kominato Y, Nishimura S, Ariga T, Iwai K. Alliin and volatile sulfur-containing compounds in garlic enhance the thermogenesis by increasing norepinephrine secretion in rats. J. Nutr. Biochem. 1998; 9: 60-66.
6. Sonepati SK, Dey S, Dwivedi SK, Swarup D. Effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract on tissue lead level in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2001; 76: 229-232.
7. Parthasarthy G, Prasanth VV. Hepatoprotective Activity of Cassia fistula Linn. Bark extract against Carbon Tetra Chloride Induced Liver Toxicity in Rats. The Internet Journal of Pharmacology 2009; 6: 2.
8. Nagaraja HS, Anupama BK, Jeganathan PS. Stress response in albino rats. Thai Journal of Physiological Sciences 2006; 19: 8-15.
9. Thomson M, Khaled K Al-Qattam, Bordia T, Ali M. Including Garlic in the Diet May Help Lower Glucose, Cholesterol and Tryglycerides. The Journal of Nutrition 2006; 136: 800S-802S.
10. Çikler E, Saglam B, Zeybek A, Ercan F, Çetinel S, Sener G. The protective effects of aqueous garlic extract against water avoidance stress-induced mast cell degranulation in dermis. Marmara Medical Journal 2005; 18(3):103-108.
11. Van der Vies J. Two methods for the determination of glycogen in liver. Biochem. J. 1954; 57: 410-416.
12. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Radall RJ. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 1951; 193: 265-275.
13. Paterson DD. Statistical Technique in Agricultural Research. M.C. Graw-Hill New York, 1939.
14. Ahmed RS, Sharma SB. Biochemical studies on combined effects of garlic (Allium sativum Linn) and ginger (Zigiber officinale Rosc) in albino rats. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 1997; 35(8):841-843.
15. Villar-Palasi C, Lamer J. Insulin treatment and increased UDPG-glycogen transglucosylase activity in muscle. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1961; 94: 436-442.
16. Jain RC, Vyas CR, Mahatma OP. Hypoglycemic action of onion and garlic. Lancet, 1973, 2: 1491.
17. Jain RC, Vyas CR. Hypoglycemia action of onion on rabbits. Br. Med. J. 1974; 2: 730.
18. Jain RC, Vyas CR. Garlic in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1975; 28: 684-685.
19. Todd WR, Marilouise H, Lester L. Effects of dietary creatine and related compounds on tissue glycogen deposition in rats. J. Nutrition. 1964; 82: 64.
20. Nigam K. Studies on the effects of certain toxicants on common house sparrow Passer domesticus. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 1987.
21. Igbedioh SO, Akinyele IO. Effect of benomyl toxicity on some liver constituents of albino rats. Arch. Environ. Health 1992; 47: 4, 314-317.
Published
01-04-2012
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“GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) EXTRACT SUPPLEMENTATION ALTERS THE GLYCOGEN DEPOSITION IN LIVER AND PROTEIN METABOLISM IN GONADS OF FEMALE ALBINO RATS”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 4, no. 2, Apr. 2012, pp. 126-9, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2012.040207.
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How to Cite
“GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) EXTRACT SUPPLEMENTATION ALTERS THE GLYCOGEN DEPOSITION IN LIVER AND PROTEIN METABOLISM IN GONADS OF FEMALE ALBINO RATS”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 4, no. 2, Apr. 2012, pp. 126-9, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2012.040207.
