HIGH PERFORMANCE NANOPARTICLE FLUID SUSPENSIONS (NANOFLUIDS): A FUTURE OF PHARMACEUTICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY
Abstract
Pharmaceutical nanotechnology is evolved as a powerful tool for pharmaceutical chemist and formulation scientists. It has given a new direction to pharmaceutical and drug discovery research. Nanofluid technology which deals with nanofluids has provided an ultimate engineering solution for heat transfer application and automotive application in different industries. Nanofluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made up of metals, oxides, carbides or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glycol and oil. Preparation of nanofluids may be done by one step, two step method, chemical approach or laser ablation. The stability of nanofluids can be enhanced by different means such as addition surfactants, surface modification technique, pH control and ultrasonic agitation. Nanofluids are well known for their applications in engineering field, many researchers have also reported their use for different biological, medical and biomedical applications. Considering the tremendous growth of pharmaceutical nanotechnology with respect to drug discovery, formulation and development of nanoparticulate novel drug delivery systems, it is expected in coming years that high performance drug nanoparticle fluid suspensions (nanofluids) will begin a new era of formulation research. This review article summarises method of preparation, characterization, stability, recent research and applications of nanofluids. It also identifies future scope of nanofluid technology for applications in pharmaceutical field.
Keywords:
Nanofluids, synthesis, characterization, stability, pharmaceutical applicationsDOI
https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2014.060402References
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39. Liu Z, Robinson JT, Sun X, Dai H. PEGylated nano-graphene oxide for delivery of water insoluble cancer drugs. J Am Chem Soc. 2008; 130(33):10876–10877.
40. Yang X, Zhang X, Ma Y, Huang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y. Superparamagnetic graphene oxide–Fe3O4 nanoparticles hybrid for controlled targeted drug carriers J. Mater. Chem. 2009; 19:2710-2714.
41. Anghel et al. Nanoscale Research Letters, In vitro evaluation of anti-pathogenic surface coating nanofluid, obtained by combining Fe3O4/ C12 nanostructures and 2-((4-ethylphenoxy) methyl)-N-(substituted phenylcarbamothioyl) – benzamides Nanoscale Research Letters 2012; 7:513.
42. Bica D, V´ek´as L, Avdeev MV, et al. “Sterically stabilized water based magnetic fluids: synthesis, structure and properties,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 2007; 311(1):17–21.
43. Chiang PC, Hung DS, Wang JW, Ho CS, Yao YD. Engineering water-dispersible FePt nanoparticles for biomedical applications. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 2007; 43(6):2445–2447.
44. Saidur R, Leong KY, Mohammad HA. A review on applications and challenges of nanofluids. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011; 15:1646–1668.
45. Liu J, Deng ZS. Nano-Cryosurgery: Advances and Challenges. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2009; 9:1–22.
46. Nagar M, Dwivedi SK, Agrwal G. Nanofluid and its Application, Int. J. of Pharm. & Research Sci. 2013; 2(4):662-692.
2. Zhu H, Han D, Meng Z, Wu D, Zhang C. Preparation and thermal conductivity of CuO nanofluid via a wet chemical method. Nanoscale Research Letters 2011; 6:181.
3. Mukherjee S, Paria S. Preparation and Stability of Nanofluids-A Review. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 2013; 9(2):63-69.
4. Akoh H, Tsukasaki Y, Yatsuya S, Tasaki A. Magnetic properties of ferromagnetic ultrafine particlesprepared by vacuum evaporation on running oil substrate. Journal of Crystal Growth 1978; 45:495–500.
5. Zhu HT, Yin YS. A novel one-step chemical method preparation of copper nanofluids. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2004; 227(1):100-130.
6. Lo CH, Tsung TT, Chen LC, Su CH, Lin HM. Fabrication of Copper Oxide Nanofluid Using Submerged Arc Nanoparticle Synthesis System. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 2005; 7:313–320.
7. Eastman JA, Choi US, Li S, Thompson LJ, Lee S. Enhanced thermal conductivity through the development of nanofluids, Materials Research Society Symposium-Proceedings. Materials research Society 1997; 457:3-11.
8. Lee S, Choi US, Li S, Eastman JA. Measuring thermal conductivity of fluids containing oxide nanoparticles. Journal of Heat Transfer 1999; 121(2):280–289.
9. Wang X, Xu X, Choi US. Thermal Conductivity of Nanoparticle-Fluid Mixture. Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 1999; 13:474–480.
10. Murshed SMS, Leong KC, Yang C. Enhanced Thermal Conductivity of TiO2Water Based Nanofluids. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2005; 44: 367-373.
11. Xie H, Lee H, Youn W, Choi M. Nanofluids containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes and their enhanced thermal conductivities. J. Appl. Phys. 2003; 94(8): 4967–4971.
12. Keblinski P, Eastman JA, Cahill DG. Nanofluids for Thermal Transport. Materials Today 2005; 8(6):36-44.
13. Liu MS, Lin MCC, Huang IT, Wang CC. Enhancement of thermal conductivity with carbon nanotube for nanofluids. Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 2005; 32(9):1202-1210.
14. Wei Yu, Huaqing Xie, Lifei Chen. Nanofluids, Smart Nanoparticles Technology, April, 2012.
15. Buzea C, Pacheco I, Robbie K. Nanomaterials and Nanoparticles: Sources and Toxicity. Biointerphases. 2007; 2(4):17–71.
16. Das SK, Choi US, Yu W, Pradeep T. Nanofluids: Science and Technology John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2008.
17. Hwang Y, Lee JK, Lee JK, Jeong YM, Cheong S, Ahn YC, Kim SH. Production and dispersion stability of nanoparticles in nanofluids. Powder Technology 2008; 186:145–153.
18. Wei X, Wang L. Synthesis and thermal conductivity of microfluidic copper nanofluids. Particuology 2010; 8(3):262–271.
19. Singh AK, Raykar VS. Microwave synthesis of silver nanofluids with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and their transport properties Colloid and Polymer Science 2008; 286(14-15):1667-1673.
20. Li X, Zhu D, Wang X. Evaluation on dispersion behavior of the aqueous copper nano-suspensions. Colloid Interface Sci. 2007; 310:456-463.
21. Huang J, Wang X, Long Q, Wen X, Zhou Y, Li L. Influence of pH on the stability characteristics of nanofluids. Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics 2009; 1-4.
22. Munson BR, Young DF, Okiishi TH. Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1998.
23. Oh DW, Jain A, Eaton JK, Goodson KE, Lee JS. Thermal Conductivity Measurement and Sedimentation Detection of Aluminum Oxide Nanofluids by using the 3ω Method. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 2008; 29(5):1456-1461.
24. Razi P, Akhavan-Behabadi MA, Saeedinia M. Pressure drop and thermal characteristics of CuO–base oil nanofluid laminar flow in flattened tubes under constant heat flux. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 2011; 38:964-971.
25. Schramm LL, Stasiuk EN, Marangoni DG. Surfactants and their applications. Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem. Sect. C. 2003; 99:3–48.
26. Yang X, Liu Z. A kind of nanofluid consisting of surface-functionalized nanoparticles. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2010; 5:1324–1328.
27. Fovet Y, Gal JY, Toumelin-Chemla F. Influence of pH and fluoride concentration on titanium passivating layer: stability of titanium dioxide. Talanta. 2001; 53(5):1053–1063.
28. Wang XJ, Li XF. Influence of pH on nanofluid‘s viscosity and thermal conductivity. Chinese Physics Letters 2009; 26(5).
29. Chang H, Chen XQ, Jwo CS,Chen SL. Electrostatic and sterical stabilization of cuo nanofluid prepared by vacuum arc spray nanofluid synthesis system (ASNSS). Materials Transactions 2009; 50(8):2098-2103.
30. Jalal R, Goharshadi EK, Abareshi M, Moosavi M, Yousefi A, Nancarrow P. ZnO nanofluids: Green synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2010; 121:198-201.
31. Mahapatra O, Bhagat M, Gopalakrishnan C, Arunachalam KJ. Ultrafine dispersed CuO nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity. Exp. Nanosci. 2008; 3(3):185-193.
32. Wong KV, Leon OD. Applications of Nanofluids: Current and Future. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 2009; 2010:1-11.
33. Harkirat. Preparation and characterization of nanofluids and some investigation in biological applications. M. Tech thesis. Thapar University, Patiala, India, 2010.
34. Singh R, Lillard JW. Nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 2008; 86(3): 215–223.
35. Pastorin G, Wu W, Wieckowski S, Briand J, Kostarelos K, Kostarelos M, Bianco A. Double functionalization of carbon nanotubes for multimodal drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb). 2006; 21(11):1182-1184.
36. Bianco A, Kostarelos K and Prato M. Applications of carbon nanotubes in drug delivery. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 2005; 9:674–679
37. Vonarbourg A, Passirani C, Saulnier P, Benoit J. Parameters influencing the stealthiness of colloidal drug delivery systems. Biomaterials 2006; 27(24):4356–4373
38. Zhang L, Xia J, Zhao Q, Zhao L, Zhang Z. Functional graphene oxide as a nanocarrier for controlled loading and targeted delivery of mixed anticancer drugs. Small 2010; 6(4):537-44.
39. Liu Z, Robinson JT, Sun X, Dai H. PEGylated nano-graphene oxide for delivery of water insoluble cancer drugs. J Am Chem Soc. 2008; 130(33):10876–10877.
40. Yang X, Zhang X, Ma Y, Huang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y. Superparamagnetic graphene oxide–Fe3O4 nanoparticles hybrid for controlled targeted drug carriers J. Mater. Chem. 2009; 19:2710-2714.
41. Anghel et al. Nanoscale Research Letters, In vitro evaluation of anti-pathogenic surface coating nanofluid, obtained by combining Fe3O4/ C12 nanostructures and 2-((4-ethylphenoxy) methyl)-N-(substituted phenylcarbamothioyl) – benzamides Nanoscale Research Letters 2012; 7:513.
42. Bica D, V´ek´as L, Avdeev MV, et al. “Sterically stabilized water based magnetic fluids: synthesis, structure and properties,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 2007; 311(1):17–21.
43. Chiang PC, Hung DS, Wang JW, Ho CS, Yao YD. Engineering water-dispersible FePt nanoparticles for biomedical applications. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 2007; 43(6):2445–2447.
44. Saidur R, Leong KY, Mohammad HA. A review on applications and challenges of nanofluids. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2011; 15:1646–1668.
45. Liu J, Deng ZS. Nano-Cryosurgery: Advances and Challenges. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2009; 9:1–22.
46. Nagar M, Dwivedi SK, Agrwal G. Nanofluid and its Application, Int. J. of Pharm. & Research Sci. 2013; 2(4):662-692.
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01-10-2014
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“HIGH PERFORMANCE NANOPARTICLE FLUID SUSPENSIONS (NANOFLUIDS): A FUTURE OF PHARMACEUTICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 6, no. 4, Oct. 2014, pp. 263-70, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2014.060402.
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How to Cite
“HIGH PERFORMANCE NANOPARTICLE FLUID SUSPENSIONS (NANOFLUIDS): A FUTURE OF PHARMACEUTICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 6, no. 4, Oct. 2014, pp. 263-70, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2014.060402.
