TARGETING SEROTONERGIC PATHWAY FOR ANTI-AMNESIC ACTIVITY BY MORUS ALBA L.
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-amnesic potential of ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanolic extract of Morus alba L (EASF). The effect of EASF of Morus alba on learning and memory was evaluated by using object recognition test (ORT), elevated plus maze (EPM) and water maze test (WMT). EASF was administrated in doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg p.o. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce impairment in memory. The effect of EASF was also studied on serotonin–induced contractions of isolated rat fundus. EASF significantly improved discrimination index (DI) in ORT. Pretreatment with EASF significantly increased transfer latency (TL) and swimming time in target quadrant in EPM and WMT respectively. The result of the in-vitro study showed that EASF inhibited serotonin-induced contractions on rat fundus, possessing anti-serotonergic activity. Thus, the present study revealed that EASF of M. alba has significantly improved learning and memory through its anti-serotonergic mechanism. Morus alba may be useful for the treatment of dementia and other cognitive disorders.
Keywords:
Elevated plus maze, transfer latency, water maze testDOI
https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2015.070105References
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10. Arzi A, Zahedi S, Ghanavati J. Effect of Morus alba leaf extract on Streptozocin-induced diabetes in mice. J Med Sci. 2001; 30: 62-5.
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12. Chai H, Lee M, Han E., Kim H. Song C. Inhibitory Effects of Morus alba on compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reactions and anti-chicken gamma globulin IgE- mediated mast cell activation. Biol Pharma Bull. 2005; 28: 1852-58.
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15. Singab A, Sinkkonen J, Pihlaja K, Beshbishy H. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Morus alba root bark fraction supplementation in cholesterol fed rats. Life Sci. 2006; 78: 2724-33.
16. Yadav AV, Kawale LA, Nade VS. Effect of Morus alba L. (mulberry) leaves on anxiety in mice. Indian J Pharmacol. 2008; 40 (1): 32-6.
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18. Ennaceure A, Delacour J. New one-trial test for neurobiological studies of memory in rats: behavioral data. Behav Brain Res. 1988; 31: 47-59.
19. Itoh J, Nabeshim T, Kameyama T. Uitility of an elevated plus-maze for the evaluation of memory in mice: Effects of nootropics, scopolamine and electroconvulsive shock. Psychopharmacol. 1990; 101: 27-33.
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22. Morris R. Developments of water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. J Neurosci Methods. 1984; 11: 47-60.
23. Kulkarni SK. Hand book of experimental pharmacology. Vallabh prakashan, India, 1999, pp. 102-2.
24. Graeff FG, Guimaraes FS, De Andrade TG, Deakin J. Role of 5-HT in stress, anxiety, and depression. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1996; 54: 129-41.
25. Orgen SO. (Eds.) Central serotonin neurons and learning in rats. In: Osborne, Editor. Biology of Serotonergic transmission. John Willy & Sons, Chischester, 1982, pp. 317-318.
2. Robert K, Claudia K. Risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. Neuro Sci News. 1998; 1: 27-44.
3. Brookmeyer R, Johnson E, ZeiglerGraham K, Arrighi HM. Forecasting the global burden of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s Dement. 2007; 3: 186-91.
4. Terry AV. Buccafusco JJ. The cholinergic hypothesis of age and Alzheimer’s disease-related cognitive deficits: recent challenges and their implications for novel drug development. J Pharmacol Exp Therap. 2003; 306: 821-27.
5. Courtney C, Farrell D, Gray R. Long-term donepezil treatment in 565 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD2000): randomized double-blind trial. Lancet 2004; 363: 2105–15.
6. Barnes JM, Costall B, Coughlan J, Domeney AM, Gerrrard PA, Kelly ME, Naylor RJ, Onaivi ES, Tomkins DM, Tyres MB. The effect of Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on cognition in rodents and primates. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1990; 35: 955-62
7. Anonymous. The Wealth of India: Dictionary of Indian Raw Materials and Industrial Products. CSIR, India, 1956, pp. 91-92, 429-7.
8. Mhaskar KS, Latter EB, Caius JS. Kirtikar and Basu.s Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. 3. Sri Satguru Publications, India, 2000, pp. 3185.
9. Luo S, Nemec J, Ning B, Li.Q, Anti-HIV flavonoids from Morus alba. National Library Med. 1994; 10: 7-12.
10. Arzi A, Zahedi S, Ghanavati J. Effect of Morus alba leaf extract on Streptozocin-induced diabetes in mice. J Med Sci. 2001; 30: 62-5.
11. Park K, You J, Lee H, Baek N, Hwang J, Kuwano G. An antibacterial agent from the root bark of Morus alba against oral pathogens. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003; 84: 181-5.
12. Chai H, Lee M, Han E., Kim H. Song C. Inhibitory Effects of Morus alba on compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reactions and anti-chicken gamma globulin IgE- mediated mast cell activation. Biol Pharma Bull. 2005; 28: 1852-58.
13. Kang T. Neuroprotective effects of the cyanidin-3-o-β-d-glucopyranosideisolated from mulberry fruit against cerebral ischemia. Neurosci Lett. 2006; 391: 122-6.
14. Kastube A. Antioxidant flavonol glycosides in mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves isolated based on LDL antioxidant activity. Food Chem. 2006; 97: 25-31.
15. Singab A, Sinkkonen J, Pihlaja K, Beshbishy H. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Morus alba root bark fraction supplementation in cholesterol fed rats. Life Sci. 2006; 78: 2724-33.
16. Yadav AV, Kawale LA, Nade VS. Effect of Morus alba L. (mulberry) leaves on anxiety in mice. Indian J Pharmacol. 2008; 40 (1): 32-6.
17. Kokate CK. Practical Pharmacognosy. Vallabh Prakashan, India, 2004, pp.104-11
18. Ennaceure A, Delacour J. New one-trial test for neurobiological studies of memory in rats: behavioral data. Behav Brain Res. 1988; 31: 47-59.
19. Itoh J, Nabeshim T, Kameyama T. Uitility of an elevated plus-maze for the evaluation of memory in mice: Effects of nootropics, scopolamine and electroconvulsive shock. Psychopharmacol. 1990; 101: 27-33.
20. Dhingra D, Parle M, Kulkarni S. Effect of combination of insulin with dextrose, d-(−)-fructose and diet on learning and memory in mice. Indian J Pharmacol. 2003; 35: 151-6.
21. Dong H, Kim D, Kim Y, Jung J, Lee S, Yoon B, Cheong J, Kim Y, Kang S, Kwang H, Ryu J. Nodakenin, a coumarin compound, ameliorates scopolamine-induced memory disruption in mice. Life Sci. 2007; 80: 1944–50.
22. Morris R. Developments of water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. J Neurosci Methods. 1984; 11: 47-60.
23. Kulkarni SK. Hand book of experimental pharmacology. Vallabh prakashan, India, 1999, pp. 102-2.
24. Graeff FG, Guimaraes FS, De Andrade TG, Deakin J. Role of 5-HT in stress, anxiety, and depression. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1996; 54: 129-41.
25. Orgen SO. (Eds.) Central serotonin neurons and learning in rats. In: Osborne, Editor. Biology of Serotonergic transmission. John Willy & Sons, Chischester, 1982, pp. 317-318.
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01-01-2015
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“TARGETING SEROTONERGIC PATHWAY FOR ANTI-AMNESIC ACTIVITY BY MORUS ALBA L”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 7, no. 1, Jan. 2015, pp. 27-32, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2015.070105.
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How to Cite
“TARGETING SEROTONERGIC PATHWAY FOR ANTI-AMNESIC ACTIVITY BY MORUS ALBA L”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 7, no. 1, Jan. 2015, pp. 27-32, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2015.070105.
