EFFECT OF CENTELLA ASIATICA (LINN) LEAVES ON AMINOTRANSFERASES IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of methanol extract Centella asiatica leaves by assaying the activities of diagnostic markers (aminotransferases) in the streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The rats were divided into five groups with 6 rats in each group. The methanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves was orally administered at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight (b.w), and glibenclamide was administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. The effect of methanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves on total protein and the activities of diagnostic marker enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were examined in the liver and kidney of control and experimental rats. The result showed a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in total protein concentration and increase in AST and ALT activities in the liver of diabetic rats whereas the levels were unaltered in the kidney of diabetic rats. The daily oral treatment of methanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves to diabetic rats for 30 days reversed the above changes in a significant (p < 0.001) manner. From our observations, we conclude that methanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves was able to restore the altered activities of aminotransferases. The obtained results were compared with glibenclamide, a standard antidiabetic drug. These results indicate that oral treatment with methanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves may be used to alleviate the liver functions impairment associated with diabetic condition.
Keywords:
Aminotransferases, Centella asiatica, Diabetes mellitus, StreptozotocinDOI
https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2015.070506References
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18. Reitman S, Frankel S. Calorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic acid and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 1957; 28: 56–63.
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23. Cotran R, Kumar V, Robins S. Robin’s Pathological Basis of Disease. 4th Edn. W.B Saunders Co. Harcourt. 1989: 212-217.
24. Ngaha EO. Renal effects of potassium dichromate in the rat: composition of urinary excretion with corresponding tissue pattern. Gen Pharmacol. 1981; 12: 291-358.
25. Rogers KS, Higgins ES, Kline ES. Experimental diabetes causes mitochondrial loss and cytoplasmic enrichment of pyridoxal phosphate and aspartate aminotransferase activity. Biochem Med Metab Biol. 1986; 36(1): 91-97.
26. Elizabeth H, Harris MD. Elevated liver function tests in type 2 diabetes. Clinical Diabetes 2005; 23:3.
27. Zafar M, Naeem-Ul-Hassan naqvi S, Ahmed M, Kaimkhani ZA. Altered liver morphology and enzymes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Int J Morphol. 2009; 27(3): 719-725.
28. Rajasekaran S, Ravi K, Sivagnanam K, Subramanian S. Beneficial effects of Aloe vera leaf gel extract on lipid profile status in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 2006; 33(3):232-237.
29. Larcan A, Lambert H, Laprevote-Heully MC, Delorme N. Light and electron microscopic study of hepatic lesions in the course of hyperlactatemia in diabetic patients. Diabetes Metabolism 1979; (5)103-112.
30. Mohan Rao GM, Morghom LO, Kabar MN, Benmohamud BM,Ashibani K. Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) levels in diabetes mellitus. Indian J Med Sci. (1989); 5: 118-122.
31. Sekar N, William S, Balasubramaniyam N, Kamarajan P, Govindasamy S. Optimization of sodium orthovanadate to treat streptozotocin indued diabetic rats. J. Biosci. 1990; 15:67-75.
32. Marchesini G, Forlani G. NASH: from liver diseases to metabolic disorders and back to clinical hepatology. Hepatology. 2002; 35:497-499.
33. Harris EH. Elevated liver functions test in type 2 diabetes. Clinical Diabetes 2005; 23(3):115-119.
34. Ceriello A. Oxidative stress and glycemic regulation. Metabolism. 2000; 49: 27-29.
35. Kaleem M, Medha P, Ahmed QU, Asif M, Bano B. Beneficial effects of Annona squamosa extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Singapore Med J. 2008; 49 (10): 800–804.
36. Mandade R. Protective effects of Carthamus tinctorius on streptozotocin-induced diabetic complications in Rats and the possible morphological changes in the liver and kidney. International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries 2012; 2(5):502-510.
2. World Health Organization. Global Health Estimates: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex and Country, 2000-2012. Geneva, WHO, 2014.
3. Almdal TP, Vilstrup H. Effect of streptozotocin induced diabetes and diet on nitrogen loss from organs and the capacity of urea synthesis in rats. Diabetologia1987; 30:952-956.
4. Jorda A, Gomez M, Cabo J, Grisolia S. Effect of streptozotocin diabetes on some urea cycle enzymes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982; 106:37-43.
5. Akanji MA, Ngaha EO. Effect of repeated administration of Berenil on urinary enzyme excretion with corresponding tissue pattern in rats. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1989; 64: 272-279.
6. Adesokan AA, Akanji MA, Aderibigbe A. Serum glucose and lipid levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats following oral administration of Aloe barbadensis miller juice extract. Trop J Health Sci. 2006; 2: 13-15.
7. Pushparaj P, Tan CH, Tan BK. Effects of Averrho abilimbi leaf extract on blood glucose and lipids in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000; 72: 69-76.
8. Bopanna KN, Kannan J, Godgil S, Balaraman R, Rathod SP. Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of neem seed kernel powder on alloxan-diabetic rabbits. Indian J Pharmacol. 1997; 29:162-172.
9. Eskander EF, Jun HW, Ibrahim KA, Abdelal WE. Hypoglycaemic effect of a herbal formulation in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Egypt J Pharm Sci. 1995; 36:253-270.
10. James JT, Dubery IA. Pentacyclic triterpenoids from the medicinal herb, Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. Molecules 2009; 14(10): 3922-3941.
11. Goh SH. Malaysian Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pelanduk Publications, Malaysia, 1995, 162.
12. Sasikala S, Lakshmi Narasaiah S, Dhananjaya Naidu M. Antidiabetic activity of Centella asiatica on streptozotocin induced diabetic male albino rats. World J Pharm Sci. 2015; 3(8):1701-1705.
13. Sharma VK. Streptozotocin: An experimental tool in diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Int J of Pharma research & Development 2010; 2(1):9.
14. Singh V, Singh M, Shukla S, Singh S, Mansoori MH, Kori ML. Antidiabetic activity of Flacourita indica Merr in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Global Journal of Pharmacology 2011; 5(3):147-152.
15. Sabitha V, Ramachandran S, Naveen KR, Panneerselvam K. Antidiabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic potential of Abelmoschus esculentus Moench. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Pharm BioallSci. 2011; 3:397-402.
16. Djomeni PDD, Tedong L, Asongalem EA, Dimo T, Sokeng SD, Pierre K. Hypoglycaemic and antidiabetic effect of root extracts of Cebia pentandra in normal and diabetic rats. Afr J Trad Compl Altern Med. 2006; 3: 129–136.
17. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 1951; 193(1):265-275.
18. Reitman S, Frankel S. Calorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic acid and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 1957; 28: 56–63.
19. Bergmayer HU, Bruns E. Methods of enzymatic analysis, 1965, Academic Press, New York.
20. Steel RGD, Torrie JR. Principles and procedures of statistics with special reference to the biological sciences. McGraw, New York, 1960, 481.
21. Mauer SM, Steffes MW, Brown DM. The kidney in diabetes. Am J Med 1981;70:63-6
22. Almdal JP, Vilstrup H. Strict insulin therapy normalizes organ nitrogen contents and the capacity of urea nitrogen synthesis in experimental diabetes in rats. Diabetologia 1998; 31: 114–118.
23. Cotran R, Kumar V, Robins S. Robin’s Pathological Basis of Disease. 4th Edn. W.B Saunders Co. Harcourt. 1989: 212-217.
24. Ngaha EO. Renal effects of potassium dichromate in the rat: composition of urinary excretion with corresponding tissue pattern. Gen Pharmacol. 1981; 12: 291-358.
25. Rogers KS, Higgins ES, Kline ES. Experimental diabetes causes mitochondrial loss and cytoplasmic enrichment of pyridoxal phosphate and aspartate aminotransferase activity. Biochem Med Metab Biol. 1986; 36(1): 91-97.
26. Elizabeth H, Harris MD. Elevated liver function tests in type 2 diabetes. Clinical Diabetes 2005; 23:3.
27. Zafar M, Naeem-Ul-Hassan naqvi S, Ahmed M, Kaimkhani ZA. Altered liver morphology and enzymes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Int J Morphol. 2009; 27(3): 719-725.
28. Rajasekaran S, Ravi K, Sivagnanam K, Subramanian S. Beneficial effects of Aloe vera leaf gel extract on lipid profile status in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 2006; 33(3):232-237.
29. Larcan A, Lambert H, Laprevote-Heully MC, Delorme N. Light and electron microscopic study of hepatic lesions in the course of hyperlactatemia in diabetic patients. Diabetes Metabolism 1979; (5)103-112.
30. Mohan Rao GM, Morghom LO, Kabar MN, Benmohamud BM,Ashibani K. Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) levels in diabetes mellitus. Indian J Med Sci. (1989); 5: 118-122.
31. Sekar N, William S, Balasubramaniyam N, Kamarajan P, Govindasamy S. Optimization of sodium orthovanadate to treat streptozotocin indued diabetic rats. J. Biosci. 1990; 15:67-75.
32. Marchesini G, Forlani G. NASH: from liver diseases to metabolic disorders and back to clinical hepatology. Hepatology. 2002; 35:497-499.
33. Harris EH. Elevated liver functions test in type 2 diabetes. Clinical Diabetes 2005; 23(3):115-119.
34. Ceriello A. Oxidative stress and glycemic regulation. Metabolism. 2000; 49: 27-29.
35. Kaleem M, Medha P, Ahmed QU, Asif M, Bano B. Beneficial effects of Annona squamosa extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Singapore Med J. 2008; 49 (10): 800–804.
36. Mandade R. Protective effects of Carthamus tinctorius on streptozotocin-induced diabetic complications in Rats and the possible morphological changes in the liver and kidney. International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries 2012; 2(5):502-510.
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01-09-2015
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“EFFECT OF CENTELLA ASIATICA (LINN) LEAVES ON AMINOTRANSFERASES IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 7, no. 5, Sept. 2015, pp. 412-6, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2015.070506.
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How to Cite
“EFFECT OF CENTELLA ASIATICA (LINN) LEAVES ON AMINOTRANSFERASES IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 7, no. 5, Sept. 2015, pp. 412-6, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2015.070506.
