EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND THE CYTOTOXICITY OF EXTRACTS OF CAPPARIS SPINOSA
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to promote the plant spontaneous, harvested from the West of Morocco and streamline its use in quantifying the total phenolic content, assessing the antioxidant activity and testing the degree of toxicity on two types of eukaryotic cells plants and animals. The content, extracts aqueous and ethanolic flower buds and fruit, in phenolic compounds was determined according to the method Follin-Ciocalteu. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by two methods FRAP and DPPH. As for the cytotoxicity extracts, it has been evaluated by the test hemolysis and inhibition germination test of Lepidium sativum seeds. The different extracts of the two organs of this plant, have revealed richness in total polyphenols, especially those of the flower buds, as well as, an antioxidant activity, which is in the same order as that of vitamin C for the aqueous extract of flower buds. The effect hemolytic is shown positive for decoctat of flower buds. The ethanolic extract of fruits displayed an activity antimitotic expressed by the inhibition of elongation and growth seedlings of Lepedium sativum. The decoctat of flower exhibited an effect antigerminatif of moderate intensity which is reversible after rehydration of seed. Capparis Spinosa is a plant of quality pharmaceutical interesting for its activities antioxidant, antimitotic, healing, and for its wealth in phenolics compounds.
Keywords:
Capparis spinosa, antioxidant activity, antimitotic, hemolysis, germination, Lipidium sativum seedsDOI
https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2018.100202References
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2. Inocencio C, Cowan RS, Alcaraz F, Rivera D, Fay MF. AFLP fingerprinting in Capparis subgenus Capparis related to the commercial sources of capers. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 2005; 52:137–44.
3. Saifi N, Echchgadda G, Ibijbijen J. The morphological characterization of caper plant (Capparis ssp.) in North Morocco. J Food Agric Environ. 2010; 8:876–81.
4. El Azhary K, Tahiri Jouti N, El Khachibi M, Moutia M, Tabyaoui I, El Hou A, Achtak H, Nadifi S, Habti N, Badou A. Anti-inflammatory potential of Capparis spinosa L. in vivo in mice through inhibition of cell infiltration and cytokine gene expression. BMC Compl Alter. Med. 2017 ; 17:81
5. United State Department of Agriculture, USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Release, 2010, pp. 23.
6. Ennacerie F-Z, Rhazi Filali F, Rahou A. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the province of Sidi Kacem, Morocco. Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Research. 2017; 10: 121–130.
7. Allaith AA. Assessment of the antioxidant properties of the caper fruit (Capparis spinosa L.) from Bahrain. J. Asso. of Arab Univ. Basic and App. Sci. 2016; 19: 1–7.
8. Tlili N, Nasri N, Saadaoui E, Khaldi A, Triki S. Carotenoid and tocopherol composition of leaves, buds and flowers of Capparis spinosa grown wild in Tunisia. J Agric Food Chem. 2009; 57:5381–5.
9. Aliyazicioglu R., Eyupoglu OE., Sahin H, Yildiz O, Baltas N. Phenolic components, antioxidant activity, and mineral analysis of Capparis spinosa L . Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2013; 12: 6643–6649.
10. Matthäus B, Özcan M. Glucosinolate composition of young shoots and flower buds of capers (Capparis species) growing wild in Turkey. J Agric Food Chem. 2002; 50: 7323–7325.
11. Arena A, Bisignano G, Pavone B, Tomaino A, Bonina F. P, Saija A, Cristani M, D’Arrigo M, Trombetta D. Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effect of a Lyophilized Extract of Capparis spinosa L. Buds. Phytother. Res. 2008; 22: 313–317.
12. Bonina F, Puglia C, Ventura D, Aquino R, Tortora S, Sacchi A, Saija A, Tomaino A, Pellegrino ML, de Caprariis P. In vitro antioxidant and in vivo photoprotective effects of a lyophilized extract of Capparis spinosa L. buds. J. Cos. Sci. 2002; 53:321-335.
13. Ennacerie F-Z, Rhazi Filali F, Moukrad N, Ed-Dra A. Antibacterial synergistic effect of extracts of the organs of Cappari spinosa and in combination with antibiotics . Int. J. Adv. Res. 2017; 5(9): 1238-1247.
14. Meddour A, Yahia M, Benkiki N, Ayachi A. Etude de l'activité antioxydante et antibactérienne des extraits d'un ensemble des parties de la fleur du Capparis spinosa L. Leb. Sci. J. 2013 ; 14 : 1.
15. Trombetta D, Occhiuto F, Perri D, Puglia C, Santagati NA, De Pasquale A, Saija A, Bonina F. Antiallergic and antihistaminic effect of two extracts of Capparis spinosa L. flowering buds. Phytother Res. 2005; 19:29–33.
16. Boizot N, Charpentier J-P. Méthode rapide d’évaluation du contenu en composés phénoliques des organes d’un arbre forestier. Cah. Tech. INRA. N°. spécial, 2006, pp. 79-82.
17. Koné WM, Kamanzi Atindehou K, Terreaux C, Hostettmann K, Traoré D, Dosso M. Traditional medicine in North Côte-d’Ivoire : Screening of 50 medicinal plants for antibacterial activity. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2004; 93(1):43–49.
18. Kiran CR, Rao DB, Sirisha N, Rao TR. Assessment of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of raw and germinating Ceiba pentandra (kapok) seeds . J. Biomed. Res. 2015; 29(5):414–419.
19. Maataoui BS, Hmyene A, Hilali S. Activités anti-radicalaires d’extraits de jus de fruits du figuier de barbarie (Opuntia ficus indica). Leban. Sci J. 2006; 7(1):3–8.
20. Lopes-lutz D, Alviano DS, Alviano CS, Kolodziejczyk PP. Screening of chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Artemisia essential oils. Phytochemistry. 2008; 69:1732–1738.
21. Ouedraogo Y, Nacouima O, Guissou I.P, Guede guina F.J. Evaluation in vivo et in vitro de la toxicité des extraits aqueux d'écorces de tige et de racines de mitragyna inermis (wilid).o.ktz (Rubiaceae). Pharm. Méd. Trad. Afr. 2001; 11: 13- 29.
22. Moukrad N, Rhazi Filali F, Zegaoui O, Guedegulna F. Microscopic observation of the effect of zno nanoparticles synthesized from different precursors on eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. IJSR. 2013; 4 (5): 2319-7064.
23. Bewley J. D. Seed Germination and Dormancy. American Society of Plant Physiologists. The Plant Cell. 1997; 9: 1055-1 066.
24. Moukrad N, Rhazi Filali F, Daou I, Zegaoui O. Phytotoxic activity of the zin oxyde nanoparticules synthesized from different precursors on germination and radicle growth of seed Lepidium sativum. Int. J.Scien. Res. Publ. 2014; 4(12):2250-3153.
25. Centre d’expertise en analyse environnementale du Québec, Inhibition de la germination et de la croissance chez les semences de végétaux. MA. 500 – GCR 1.0, Ministère de l’Environnement du Québec. 2003, pp.30.
26. Côme D. Les obstacles à la germination (Monographie et physiologie végétale n° 6). Éd. Masson et Cie (Paris). 1970, pp.14, 24 and 27.
27. Cherif R, Kemassi A, Boual Z, Bouziane N, Benbrahim F, Hadjseyd A, Gharib T, Ould el Hadj-Khelil A, SakeurM.L, Ould el Hadj M.D. Activités biologiques des extraits aqueux de Pergularia tomentosa L. (asclepiadaceae). Leb. Sci. J. 2016; 17(1): 25-35.
28. Falleh H, Ksouri R, Chaieb K, Karray-Bouraoui N, Trabelsi N., Boulaaba M, Abdelly C. Phenolic composition of Cynara cardunculus L. organs, and their biological activities. C. R. Biologies. 2008; 331: 372-379.
29. Fadili K, Zerkani H, Amalich S, Zair T. Etude phytochimique et evaluation de l’activite antioxydante des feuilles et des fruits du Capparis spinosa L. American. J. Inn. Res. Ap. Sci. 2017; 5(2): 108-118.
30. Proestos C, Boziaris I.S, Nychas G.-J.E, Komaitis M. Analysis of flavonoids and phenolic acids in Greek aromatic plants : Investigation of their antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity. Food Chem. 2006; 95: 664–671
31. Arrar L, Benzidane N, Krache I, Charef N, Khennouf S, Baghiani A. Comparison between polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities of different parts of Capparis spinosa L. Phcog Commn. 2013; 3(2): 70-74.
32. Fabri RL, Nogueira MS, Braga FG, Coimbra ES, Scio E. Mitracarpus frigidus aerial parts exhibited potent antimicrobial, antileishmanial and anti oxidant effects. Bioresource Technology. 2009, 100: 428-433.
33. Germanò MP, De Pasquale R, D'Angelo V, Catania S, Silvari V. Evaluation of extracts and isolated fraction from Capparis spinosa L. buds as an antioxidant source. J Agric Food Chem. 2002; 50(5):1168-71.
34. Matthäus B, Ozcan M. Glucosinolates and fatty acid, sterol, and tocopherol composition of seed oils from Capparis spinosa var. spinosa and Capparis ovata Desf. var. canescens (Coss.) Heywood. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 ; 53: 7136–7141
35. Alzergy AA. Elgharbawy S MS, Ghyath SM, Mervat R M. Role of Capparis spinosa in ameliorating trichloroacetic acid induced toxicity in liver of Swiss albino mice. Life Sci J. 2015; 12(2): 26-39.
36. Majester-Savornin B, Elias R, Diaz-Lanza AM, Balansard G, Gasquet M, Delmas F. Saponines of the ivy plant. Hedera helix and their leishmanicidic activity. Planta Med. 1991; 57: 260-262.
37. Heinz A, Passow H. Role of external potassium in the calcium- induced potassium efflux from human red cell ghosts. J. Membrane Biol. 1980; 57:119-131.
38. Shah H, Nisar M, Suhail M, Bacha N. Antimicrobial studies of the crude extracts from the roots of Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn. African. J. Microbiol. Res. 2014; 8(21): 2099–2104.
39. Arabski M, Wegierek-Ciuk A, Czerwonka G, Lankoff A, Kaca W. Effects of Saponins against Clinical E. coli Strains and Eukaryotic Cell Line. J. Biomed. Biotech. 2012; 286216: 1-6.
40. Regnault-Roger C, Philogene B. Bio-pesticides d’origine végétale. Jr, Vincent Ch. Ed. TEC and DOC, Paris. 2008, pp. 51-60.
41. Feeny P. Plant apparency and chemical defense. Rec. Adv. Phyto. 1976; 10: 1-40.
42. Muller CH. Inhibitory terpenes volatilized from Salvia shrubs. Bull. Tor. Bot. Club. 1965, 92: 38-45.
43. Rolim de Almeida L. F, Frei F, Mancini E, De Martino L, De Feo V. Phytotoxic Activities of Mediterranean Essential Oils . Molecules. 2010; 15: 4309-4323.
44. Tesoriere L, Butera D, Gentile C, Livrea MA. Bioactive components of caper (Capparis spinosa L.) from sicily and antioxidant effects in a red meat simulated gastric digestion. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2007; 55: 8465–8471.
2. Inocencio C, Cowan RS, Alcaraz F, Rivera D, Fay MF. AFLP fingerprinting in Capparis subgenus Capparis related to the commercial sources of capers. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 2005; 52:137–44.
3. Saifi N, Echchgadda G, Ibijbijen J. The morphological characterization of caper plant (Capparis ssp.) in North Morocco. J Food Agric Environ. 2010; 8:876–81.
4. El Azhary K, Tahiri Jouti N, El Khachibi M, Moutia M, Tabyaoui I, El Hou A, Achtak H, Nadifi S, Habti N, Badou A. Anti-inflammatory potential of Capparis spinosa L. in vivo in mice through inhibition of cell infiltration and cytokine gene expression. BMC Compl Alter. Med. 2017 ; 17:81
5. United State Department of Agriculture, USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Release, 2010, pp. 23.
6. Ennacerie F-Z, Rhazi Filali F, Rahou A. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the province of Sidi Kacem, Morocco. Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Research. 2017; 10: 121–130.
7. Allaith AA. Assessment of the antioxidant properties of the caper fruit (Capparis spinosa L.) from Bahrain. J. Asso. of Arab Univ. Basic and App. Sci. 2016; 19: 1–7.
8. Tlili N, Nasri N, Saadaoui E, Khaldi A, Triki S. Carotenoid and tocopherol composition of leaves, buds and flowers of Capparis spinosa grown wild in Tunisia. J Agric Food Chem. 2009; 57:5381–5.
9. Aliyazicioglu R., Eyupoglu OE., Sahin H, Yildiz O, Baltas N. Phenolic components, antioxidant activity, and mineral analysis of Capparis spinosa L . Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2013; 12: 6643–6649.
10. Matthäus B, Özcan M. Glucosinolate composition of young shoots and flower buds of capers (Capparis species) growing wild in Turkey. J Agric Food Chem. 2002; 50: 7323–7325.
11. Arena A, Bisignano G, Pavone B, Tomaino A, Bonina F. P, Saija A, Cristani M, D’Arrigo M, Trombetta D. Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effect of a Lyophilized Extract of Capparis spinosa L. Buds. Phytother. Res. 2008; 22: 313–317.
12. Bonina F, Puglia C, Ventura D, Aquino R, Tortora S, Sacchi A, Saija A, Tomaino A, Pellegrino ML, de Caprariis P. In vitro antioxidant and in vivo photoprotective effects of a lyophilized extract of Capparis spinosa L. buds. J. Cos. Sci. 2002; 53:321-335.
13. Ennacerie F-Z, Rhazi Filali F, Moukrad N, Ed-Dra A. Antibacterial synergistic effect of extracts of the organs of Cappari spinosa and in combination with antibiotics . Int. J. Adv. Res. 2017; 5(9): 1238-1247.
14. Meddour A, Yahia M, Benkiki N, Ayachi A. Etude de l'activité antioxydante et antibactérienne des extraits d'un ensemble des parties de la fleur du Capparis spinosa L. Leb. Sci. J. 2013 ; 14 : 1.
15. Trombetta D, Occhiuto F, Perri D, Puglia C, Santagati NA, De Pasquale A, Saija A, Bonina F. Antiallergic and antihistaminic effect of two extracts of Capparis spinosa L. flowering buds. Phytother Res. 2005; 19:29–33.
16. Boizot N, Charpentier J-P. Méthode rapide d’évaluation du contenu en composés phénoliques des organes d’un arbre forestier. Cah. Tech. INRA. N°. spécial, 2006, pp. 79-82.
17. Koné WM, Kamanzi Atindehou K, Terreaux C, Hostettmann K, Traoré D, Dosso M. Traditional medicine in North Côte-d’Ivoire : Screening of 50 medicinal plants for antibacterial activity. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2004; 93(1):43–49.
18. Kiran CR, Rao DB, Sirisha N, Rao TR. Assessment of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of raw and germinating Ceiba pentandra (kapok) seeds . J. Biomed. Res. 2015; 29(5):414–419.
19. Maataoui BS, Hmyene A, Hilali S. Activités anti-radicalaires d’extraits de jus de fruits du figuier de barbarie (Opuntia ficus indica). Leban. Sci J. 2006; 7(1):3–8.
20. Lopes-lutz D, Alviano DS, Alviano CS, Kolodziejczyk PP. Screening of chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Artemisia essential oils. Phytochemistry. 2008; 69:1732–1738.
21. Ouedraogo Y, Nacouima O, Guissou I.P, Guede guina F.J. Evaluation in vivo et in vitro de la toxicité des extraits aqueux d'écorces de tige et de racines de mitragyna inermis (wilid).o.ktz (Rubiaceae). Pharm. Méd. Trad. Afr. 2001; 11: 13- 29.
22. Moukrad N, Rhazi Filali F, Zegaoui O, Guedegulna F. Microscopic observation of the effect of zno nanoparticles synthesized from different precursors on eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. IJSR. 2013; 4 (5): 2319-7064.
23. Bewley J. D. Seed Germination and Dormancy. American Society of Plant Physiologists. The Plant Cell. 1997; 9: 1055-1 066.
24. Moukrad N, Rhazi Filali F, Daou I, Zegaoui O. Phytotoxic activity of the zin oxyde nanoparticules synthesized from different precursors on germination and radicle growth of seed Lepidium sativum. Int. J.Scien. Res. Publ. 2014; 4(12):2250-3153.
25. Centre d’expertise en analyse environnementale du Québec, Inhibition de la germination et de la croissance chez les semences de végétaux. MA. 500 – GCR 1.0, Ministère de l’Environnement du Québec. 2003, pp.30.
26. Côme D. Les obstacles à la germination (Monographie et physiologie végétale n° 6). Éd. Masson et Cie (Paris). 1970, pp.14, 24 and 27.
27. Cherif R, Kemassi A, Boual Z, Bouziane N, Benbrahim F, Hadjseyd A, Gharib T, Ould el Hadj-Khelil A, SakeurM.L, Ould el Hadj M.D. Activités biologiques des extraits aqueux de Pergularia tomentosa L. (asclepiadaceae). Leb. Sci. J. 2016; 17(1): 25-35.
28. Falleh H, Ksouri R, Chaieb K, Karray-Bouraoui N, Trabelsi N., Boulaaba M, Abdelly C. Phenolic composition of Cynara cardunculus L. organs, and their biological activities. C. R. Biologies. 2008; 331: 372-379.
29. Fadili K, Zerkani H, Amalich S, Zair T. Etude phytochimique et evaluation de l’activite antioxydante des feuilles et des fruits du Capparis spinosa L. American. J. Inn. Res. Ap. Sci. 2017; 5(2): 108-118.
30. Proestos C, Boziaris I.S, Nychas G.-J.E, Komaitis M. Analysis of flavonoids and phenolic acids in Greek aromatic plants : Investigation of their antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity. Food Chem. 2006; 95: 664–671
31. Arrar L, Benzidane N, Krache I, Charef N, Khennouf S, Baghiani A. Comparison between polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities of different parts of Capparis spinosa L. Phcog Commn. 2013; 3(2): 70-74.
32. Fabri RL, Nogueira MS, Braga FG, Coimbra ES, Scio E. Mitracarpus frigidus aerial parts exhibited potent antimicrobial, antileishmanial and anti oxidant effects. Bioresource Technology. 2009, 100: 428-433.
33. Germanò MP, De Pasquale R, D'Angelo V, Catania S, Silvari V. Evaluation of extracts and isolated fraction from Capparis spinosa L. buds as an antioxidant source. J Agric Food Chem. 2002; 50(5):1168-71.
34. Matthäus B, Ozcan M. Glucosinolates and fatty acid, sterol, and tocopherol composition of seed oils from Capparis spinosa var. spinosa and Capparis ovata Desf. var. canescens (Coss.) Heywood. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 ; 53: 7136–7141
35. Alzergy AA. Elgharbawy S MS, Ghyath SM, Mervat R M. Role of Capparis spinosa in ameliorating trichloroacetic acid induced toxicity in liver of Swiss albino mice. Life Sci J. 2015; 12(2): 26-39.
36. Majester-Savornin B, Elias R, Diaz-Lanza AM, Balansard G, Gasquet M, Delmas F. Saponines of the ivy plant. Hedera helix and their leishmanicidic activity. Planta Med. 1991; 57: 260-262.
37. Heinz A, Passow H. Role of external potassium in the calcium- induced potassium efflux from human red cell ghosts. J. Membrane Biol. 1980; 57:119-131.
38. Shah H, Nisar M, Suhail M, Bacha N. Antimicrobial studies of the crude extracts from the roots of Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn. African. J. Microbiol. Res. 2014; 8(21): 2099–2104.
39. Arabski M, Wegierek-Ciuk A, Czerwonka G, Lankoff A, Kaca W. Effects of Saponins against Clinical E. coli Strains and Eukaryotic Cell Line. J. Biomed. Biotech. 2012; 286216: 1-6.
40. Regnault-Roger C, Philogene B. Bio-pesticides d’origine végétale. Jr, Vincent Ch. Ed. TEC and DOC, Paris. 2008, pp. 51-60.
41. Feeny P. Plant apparency and chemical defense. Rec. Adv. Phyto. 1976; 10: 1-40.
42. Muller CH. Inhibitory terpenes volatilized from Salvia shrubs. Bull. Tor. Bot. Club. 1965, 92: 38-45.
43. Rolim de Almeida L. F, Frei F, Mancini E, De Martino L, De Feo V. Phytotoxic Activities of Mediterranean Essential Oils . Molecules. 2010; 15: 4309-4323.
44. Tesoriere L, Butera D, Gentile C, Livrea MA. Bioactive components of caper (Capparis spinosa L.) from sicily and antioxidant effects in a red meat simulated gastric digestion. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2007; 55: 8465–8471.
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01-03-2018
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“EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND THE CYTOTOXICITY OF EXTRACTS OF CAPPARIS SPINOSA”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 10, no. 2, Mar. 2018, pp. 57-64, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2018.100202.
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“EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND THE CYTOTOXICITY OF EXTRACTS OF CAPPARIS SPINOSA”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 10, no. 2, Mar. 2018, pp. 57-64, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2018.100202.
