Ameliorating Effect of Capparis aphylla Roth. in Adjuvant-induced Arthritis in rats with Reference to Changes in Reactants RF, CRP, Radiological Erosions
Abstract
Despite abundant anti-arthritic therapies, there always remains an opportunity to identify novel drugs as well as targets. One such emerging drug Capparis aphylla Roth. acting on inflammatory cascades. This study was planned to investigate the effect of C. aphylla Roth. on inflammatory cascade in rheumatoid arthritis induced in wistar albino rats. The rheumatoid arthritis was induced by injection of 0.2 mL complete Freund’s adjuvant. The animals were randomized into six groups receiving either vehicle (control), injection of 0.2 mL complete Freund’s adjuvant (model) or treatments (indomethacin 100 mg/kg and methanolic extract of C. aphylla Roth. 190, 240, 300 mg/kg) for 21 days. Various hemodynamic parameters, anti-inflammatory parameters, and x-ray and histopathology of synovial joints were carried out. Paw volume, body weight, arthritic index, ESR, RF, CRP, A/G ratio estimated. Treatment with methanolic extract of C. aphylla Roth. Significantly prevented the rise in body weight, serum A/G ratio and increased arthritic index, paw volume, ESR, RF, CRP. The normal architecture of synovial joints was preserved in histopathological analysis by methanolic extract of C. aphylla Roth. treatment. Furthermore, the prevention of damage in joints carried out by methanolic extract of C. aphylla Roth. Altogether, methanolic extract of C. aphylla Roth. prevented architecture and functions of joints by augmenting the inflammation in complete freund’s adjuvant rats. Such promising effects are attributed to inflammation by novel herbal drug C. aphylla Roth.
Keywords:
Capparis aphylla Roth, Arthritis, Complete Freund’s adjuvant, Arthritic indexDOI
https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2023.150503References
Guo Q, Wang Y, Xu D, Nossent J, Pavlos NJ, Xu J. Rheumatoid arthritis: Pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies. Bone Research. 2018 Dec 1; 6(1):16.
Verstappen M, van Mulligen E, de Jong PHP, van der Helm-Van Mil AHM DMARD-free remission as novel treatment target in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic literature review of achievability and sustainability. RMD Open. 2020 May; 6(1):e001220.
Piantoni S, Ohrndorf S. Editorial: Rheumatoid arthritis: Pathogenesis and target-treatments. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Feb 28; 10:1145163.
Khare C.P. Indian medicinal plants. Renewed in 2007. 117-118.
Nazar S, Hussain MA, Khan A, Muhammad G, Tahir MN. Capparis decidua Edgew (Forssk.): A comprehensive review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and nutrapharmaceutical potential. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 2020 Jan; 13(1):1901-1916.
Farhan Rasheed HM, Jabeen Q. Pharmacological Role of Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew in Preventing Cyclophosphamide-induced Myelosuppression and Modulating Innate and Adaptive Immune Response. Dose Response. 2022 Aug 31; 20(3):15593258221123672.
Anjum, S., Asif, M.U., Zia, K., Jahan, B., Ashraf, M.A., Hussain, S., Qasim Hayat, M., Shah, M.R., & Tahir, M.N. Biological and phytochemical studies on Capparis decidua (Forssk) Edgew from Cholistan desert. Natural Product Research. 2018; 34: 2315 - 2318.
Bhagat S. Phytochemical Screening, Determination of Total Phenol Content, Total Flavonoid Content and Quantitative Estimation of Rutin and Quercetin Using RP-HPLC in the Fruits of Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew. 2021; 9(2):254-261.
Schiff MH. Role of interleukin 1 and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in the mediation of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2000 Nov; 59(Suppl 1):i103-8.
Shamlan G, Al-Nouri DM, Alathbah AA, Arzoo S, Habibullah MM. Antiarthritic, anti-inflammatory activity of Moringa peregrina seed oil and leaves in Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Journal of King Saud University - Science. 2021 May; 33(3):101350.
Fraenkel L, Bathon JM, England BR, St Clair EW, Arayssi T, Carandang K, Deane KD, Genovese M, Huston KK, Kerr G, Kremer J, Nakamura MC, Russell LA, Singh JA, Smith BJ, Sparks JA, Venkatachalam S, Weinblatt ME, Al-Gibbawi M, Baker JF, Barbour KE, Barton JL, Cappelli L, Chamseddine F, George M, Johnson SR, Kahale L, Karam BS, Khamis AM, Navarro-Millán I, Mirza R, Schwab P, Singh N, Turgunbaev M, Turner AS, Yaacoub S, Akl EA. 2021 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2021 Jul; 73(7):924-939.
Fleischmann R, Stern R, Iqbal I. Anakinra: an inhibitor of IL-1 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2004 Aug; 4(8):1333-44.
Chandrashekara S, Anilkumar T, Jamuna S. Complementary and alternative drug therapy in arthritis. J Assoc Physicians India. 2002 Feb; 50:225-7.
Katschke KJ Jr, Rottman JB, Ruth JH, Qin S, Wu L, LaRosa G, Ponath P, Park CC, Pope RM, Koch AE. Differential expression of chemokine receptors on peripheral blood, synovial fluid, and synovial tissue monocytes/macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2001 May; 44(5):1022-32.
Dolhain RJEM, Heiden AN, Haar NT, Breedveld FC, Miltenburg AMM. Shift towards T lymphocytes with a T helper 1 Cytokine secretion profile in the joints of patients with rheumato rthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1996; 39:1961–1969.
Miltenburg AM, van Laar JM, de Kuiper R, Daha MR, Breedveld FC. T cells cloned from human rheumatoid synovial membrane functionally represent the Th1 subset. Scand J Immunol. 1992 May; 35(5):603-10.
Taurog JD, Argentieri DC, McReynolds RA. Adjuvant arthritis. Methods Enzymol. 1988; 162:339-55.
Winder CV, Lembke LA, Stephens MD. Comparative bioassay of drugs in adjuvant induced arthritis in rats: flufenamic acid, mefenamic and phenylbutazone. Arth Rheum. 1969; 12:472-81.
Somasundaram S, Sadique J, Subramoniam A. In vitro absorption of [14C]leucine during inflammation and the effect of antiinflammatory drugs in the jejunum of rats. Biochem Med. 1983 Apr; 29(2):259-64.
Begum VH, Sadique J. Long term effect of herbal drug Withania somnifera on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 1988 Nov; 26(11):877-82.
Marcelletti JF, Nakamura RM. Assessment of serological markers associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Diagnostic autoantibodies and conventional disease activity markers. Clin. Appl. Immunol. 2003; Rev. 4;109–123.
Skogh T, Gustafsson D, Kjellberg M, Husberg M. Twenty-eight joint count disease activity score in recent onset rheumatoid arthritis using C reactive protein instead of erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003 Jul; 62(7):681-2.
Kim JC, Kim JK. Summary of Clinical Test. Kommunsa Publishing Co. Seoul, 242, 298, 303, 1112, 1149.
Shmerling RH, Delbanco TL. The rheumatoid factor: an analysis of clinical utility. Am J Med. 1991 Nov; 91(5):528-34.
Scott DL. Prognostic factors in early rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2000 Jun; 39 Suppl 1:24-9.
McConkey B, Crockson RA, Crockson AP, Wilkinson AR. The effects of some anti-inflammatory drugs on the acute-phase proteins in rheumatoid arthritis. Q J Med. 1973 Oct; 42(168):785-91.
Stecher VJ, Connolly KM. The relationship between interleukin-1 activity in adjuvant rats and changes in plasma fibronectin, C-reactive protein and albumin levels. Fed. Proc. 1987; 46:790.
Wong PKK, Campbell IK, Egan PJ, Ernst M, Wicks IP. The role of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines in inflammatory arthritis and bone turnover. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2003 May 1; 48(5):1177-1189.
Mortensen RF. Macrophages and acute-phase proteins. Immunol Ser. 1994; 60:143-58.
Tebo JM, Mortensen RF. Characterization and isolation of a C-reactive protein receptor from the human monocytic cell line U-937. J Immunol. 1990 Jan; 144 (1): 231–238.
Galve-de Rochemonteix B, Wiktorowicz K, Kushner I, Dayer JM. C-reactive protein increases production of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha, and expression of mRNA by human alveolar macrophages. J Leukoc Biol. 1993 Apr; 53(4):439-45.
Cawthorne MA. Adjuvant-induced arthritis and drug-metabolizing enzymes. Biochemical pharmacology. 1976; 25(24): 2683-8.
Lorber A. Protein sulphydryl depression during adjuvant arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 1975; 34:346 - 349.
Lewis EJ, Bishop J, Aspinall SJ. A simple inflammation model that distinguishes between the actions of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs. Inflamm Res. 1998 Jan; 47(1):26-35.
Lowe JS. Serum protein changes in rats with arthritis induced by mycobacterial adjuvant. Biochemical pharmacology. 1964; 13:633-41.
Kahn A, Brachet E, Conard V. Correlation between permeabiltiy to albumin and levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the incubated rat mesentery C R Seances. Soc Biol Fil. 1976; 170(1):227-30.
Fahim AT, Abd-EI Fattah AA, Agha AM, Gad MZ. Effect of pumpkin seed oil on the level of free radical scavengers induced during adjuvant-arthritis in rats. Pharmacol. Res. 1995; 31:73–79.
Sakai A, Hirano T, Okazaki R, Okimoto N, Tanaka K, Nakamura T. Large-dose ascorbic acid administration suppresses the development of arthritis in adjuvant-infected rats. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1999;119(3-4):121-6. doi: 10.1007/s004020050374
Baecklund E, Iliadou A, Askling J, Ekbom A, Backlin C, Granath F, Catrina AI, Rosenquist R, Feltelius N, Sundström C, Klareskog L. Association of chronic inflammation, not its treatment, with increased lymphoma risk in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Mar; 54(3):692-701.
Bertram G. Katzung. Basic and clinical pharmacology In: antirheumatic drugs. 7th edition. Appleton and lange. 1998; 578-592.
Bridges AJ, Malone DG, Jicinsky J, Chen M, Ory P, Engber W and Graziano FM. Human synovial mast cell involvement in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Relationship to disease type, clinical activity, and antirheumatic therapy. Arthritis Rheum. 1991; 34:1116 – 1124.
Bromley M, Woolley DE. Histopathology of the rheumatoid lesion. Identification of cell types at sites of cartilage erosion. Arthritis Rheum. 1984 Aug; 27(8):857-63.
Published
Abstract Display: 380 
PDF Downloads: 393 
