ISOLATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ITS ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AGAINST HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE -1
Abstract
Microbial community has been a major part in the drug industry. They are known for their effectiveness and do not cause any undesirable effects. Exploitation of bacteria could be fruitful for mankind. Bacteria play a major role in producing useful bioactive compounds. HSV-1 infection causes 80% of oral lesions. A majority of the population is infected by at least one herpes subtype of HSV-1 before adulthood. The infection in some cases does not produce any symptoms. Drugs for HSV-1 are becoming suppressive. In the present study, isolation of endophytic bacteria was carried out from medicinal plant. A grown bacterium was identified and confirmed using molecular 16S rRNA sequencing followed by extraction of bioactive compounds using solvents. Twelve bioactive compounds were then investigated for in vitro cytotoxicity assay and in vitro antiviral assay. Chloroform extract was found to be effective in inhibiting the virus.
Keywords:
Endophytic bacteria, 16S rRNA, Cytotoxicity, Antiviral, Chloroform, Aqueous ethanol.DOI
https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2017.090303References
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13. Kaaria P, Matiru V, Ndungu M. Antimicrobial activities of secondary metabolites produced by endophytic bacteria from selected indigenous Kenyan plants. Afr. J. Microbiol Res. 2012; 6(45): 7253-7258.
14. Collee JG, Fraser AG, Marmion BP, Simmons A. Mackie & McCartney’s. Practical Medical Microbiology. Edn 14, Newyork, Churchill Livingston, 1996, pp.681.
15. Good NE, Winget GD, Winder W, Connolly TN. Hydrogen ion buffers for virological research. Biochem. 1966; 5: 467-477.
16. Phongpaichit S, Rungjindamai N, Rukachaisirikul V, Sakayaroj J. Antimicrobial activity in cultures of endophytic fungi isolated from Garcinia species. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2006; 48: 367-372.
17. Mosmann T. Rapid Colorimetric Assay for Cellular Growth and Survival:Application to Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays. J Immunol Methods. 1983; 65: 55-63.
18. Govindappa M, Prathap S, Vinay V, Channabasava R. Chemical Composition of Methanol Extract of Endophytic Fungi, Alternaria sp. of Tebebuia argentea and their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant activity. Int J Bio Pharm Res. 2014; 5(11): 861-869.
19. Sai Lakshman Mithun V, Ramachandra Rao CSV. Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Anti-Cancerous Compound Producing Marine Bacteria by Using 16S rRNA Sequencing and GC-MS Techniques. Int J Mod Eng Res. 2012; 2 (6):4510-4515.
20. Sharif HB, Mukhtar MD, Mustapha Y, Lawal AO. Preliminary Investigation of Bioactive Compounds and Bioautographic Studies of Whole Plant Extract of Euphorbia pulcherrima on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Advances in Pharmaceutics. 2015; 1-14.
2. Kado CI. Plant pathogenic bacteria. In A. Balows, H.G. Triiper, M. Dworkin, W. Harder, K.-H. Schleifer (Ed.). The prokaryotes. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992, pp. 660–662.
3. Hallmann J, Quadt-Hallmann A, Mahaffee WF, Kloepper JW. Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops. Can J Microbiol. 1997; 43: 895–914.
4. Ding T, Palmer MW, Melcher U. Community terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms reveal insights into the diversity and dynamics of leaf endophytic bacteria. BMC microbiology. 2013 Jan 3; 13(1):1.
5. Janda JM, Abbott SL. 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification in the diagnostic laboratory: pluses, perils, and pitfalls. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2007 Sep 1; 45(9):2761-4.
6. Lawrence Drew W. Herpesviruses. In S.B. Manning (Ed.) Medical Microbiology. USA, The C.V. Mosby Company, 1990, pp. 506 – 511.
7. Fisher PJ, Petrim O. Location of fungal endophytes in tissues of Suaeda fructicosa: a preliminary study. Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 1987; 89: 246-249.
8. Onions AHS, Allsopp D, Eggins HOW. Smith’s Introduction to Industrial Mycology. Edn 7, London, Edward Arnold, 1981, pp.118- 147.
9. Arunachalam C, Gayathri P. Studies on bioprospecting of endophytic bacteria from the medicinal plant of Andrographis paniculata for their antimicrobial activity and antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Int J Curr Pharm Res. 2010; 2(4):63-68.
10. Edgar RC. MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res. 2004; 32(5):1792-1797.
11. Talavera G, Castresana J. Improvement of phylogenies after removing divergent and ambiguously aligned blocks from protein sequence alignments. Systematic Biology. 2007; 56: 564-577.
12. Dereeper A, Guignon V, Blanc G, Audic S. Phylogeny.fr: robust phylogenetic analysis for the non-specialist. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 1: 36.
13. Kaaria P, Matiru V, Ndungu M. Antimicrobial activities of secondary metabolites produced by endophytic bacteria from selected indigenous Kenyan plants. Afr. J. Microbiol Res. 2012; 6(45): 7253-7258.
14. Collee JG, Fraser AG, Marmion BP, Simmons A. Mackie & McCartney’s. Practical Medical Microbiology. Edn 14, Newyork, Churchill Livingston, 1996, pp.681.
15. Good NE, Winget GD, Winder W, Connolly TN. Hydrogen ion buffers for virological research. Biochem. 1966; 5: 467-477.
16. Phongpaichit S, Rungjindamai N, Rukachaisirikul V, Sakayaroj J. Antimicrobial activity in cultures of endophytic fungi isolated from Garcinia species. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2006; 48: 367-372.
17. Mosmann T. Rapid Colorimetric Assay for Cellular Growth and Survival:Application to Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays. J Immunol Methods. 1983; 65: 55-63.
18. Govindappa M, Prathap S, Vinay V, Channabasava R. Chemical Composition of Methanol Extract of Endophytic Fungi, Alternaria sp. of Tebebuia argentea and their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant activity. Int J Bio Pharm Res. 2014; 5(11): 861-869.
19. Sai Lakshman Mithun V, Ramachandra Rao CSV. Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Anti-Cancerous Compound Producing Marine Bacteria by Using 16S rRNA Sequencing and GC-MS Techniques. Int J Mod Eng Res. 2012; 2 (6):4510-4515.
20. Sharif HB, Mukhtar MD, Mustapha Y, Lawal AO. Preliminary Investigation of Bioactive Compounds and Bioautographic Studies of Whole Plant Extract of Euphorbia pulcherrima on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Advances in Pharmaceutics. 2015; 1-14.
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01-05-2017
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“ISOLATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ITS ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AGAINST HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE -1”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 9, no. 3, May 2017, pp. 113-7, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2017.090303.
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How to Cite
“ISOLATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ITS ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AGAINST HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE -1”. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, vol. 9, no. 3, May 2017, pp. 113-7, https://doi.org/10.25004/IJPSDR.2017.090303.
